[Q 368] Masbooq Missing Thana, Ta’awwuz, and Tasmiyah in Missed Rak’ahs

Question

Mufti saab, if a masbooq, after the imam has concluded the prayer, he gets up to make his missed rakat(s), but accidentally forgets to read thana, ta’awwuz and tasmiyah and starts with Surah Al-Fatiha, how will this impact his prayer, and will he need to repeat that namaz?

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
الجواب بعون الملك الوهاب اللهم هداية الحق والصواب

Answer

When a masbooq (a person who joins the Jama’ah late) joins Jama’ah, if he could not recite thana upon joining the Salah (for instance due to the imam doing Qira’ah loudly, or that he is in Ruku/ first Sajdah, and the masbooq felt he may miss that ruku/sajdah with the imam if he recites thana,) then the ruling is that he should recite thana, ta’awwuz (أعوذ بالله), and tasmiyah (Bismillah) when he stands to complete his missed rak’ahs.
However, if he forgets to recite these at that point, his Salah will still be valid, and repeating the Salah is not necessary.
Note: Reciting thana and ta’awwuz at the beginning of the prayer is a Sunnah Mu’akkadah (emphasized sunnah). It is not permissible to deliberately omit them without reason and making it a habit to omit these intentionally would be sinful.

Allama Ayni رحمه الله تعالى whilst expressing the ruling upon ta’awwuz writes:

“ان السلف اجمعوا على انه سنة مؤكدة”

(Al-Binayah fi Sharh il-Hidayah, Vol. 2, p. 188)

Sayyidi Imam Ahl ul-Sunnat رحمه الله تعالى states:
“Subhanaka Allahumma may be recited only if the imam has not yet started loud recitation. Once he begins loud recitation, it becomes obligatory (fard) to remain silent and listen, Subhanaka Allahumma is sunnah; the prayer is valid without it, but there is no permission to omit a sunnah without reason. Making it a habit to do so is sinful. If someone joined the imam in the first rak’ah while he was reciting aloud and therefore did not recite Subhanaka Allahumma, then there is no blame upon him, as his omission was in order to fulfil the fard of remaining silent during the imam’s recitation, as per the Shari’ah’s command.”

(Fatawa Razawiyyah Sharif, Vol. 6, p. 182)

Mufti Amjad Ali A’zami رحمه الله تعالى writes:
“If a masbooq was unable to recite thana at the start, he should recite it when he begins his remaining rak’ahs.”

(Bahar-e-Shariat, Part 3, p. 524)

Answered by: Mubashir Attari (AskMufti Scholar)
Verified by: Mufti Sajid Attari
Translated answer
Date: 11th November 2024